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The Creative Systems Framework (CSF) formalises creativity as search through a space of concepts.  As a formal account of Margaret Boden’s descriptive hierarchy of creativity, it is at the basis of multiple studies dealing with diverse aspects ofComputational Creativity (CC) systems. However, the CSF at present neither formalises action nor action selection during search, limiting its use in analysing creative processes.  We extend the CSF by explicitly modelling these missing components in the search space traversal function.  We furthermore integrate the distinction between a concept and an artefact, and provide stopping criteria for creative search.  Our extension,  the  Creative  Action  Selection  Framework  (CASF),  is informed by previous studies in CC and draws on concepts from Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). It allows us to de-scribe a creative system as an agent selecting actions based on the value, validity and novelty of concepts and artefacts. TheCASF brings more analytical depth for creative systems that can be modelled as utilising an action selection procedure.

ICCC&#39;20

Action Selection in the Creative Systems Framework

analysis of creativity

creative systems framework

creative process

action selection

### **Welcome to the Twelfth International Conference on Computational Creativity, ICCC’21!**

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Computational creativity is an interdisciplinary endeavor that is located at the intersection of the fields of artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, philosophy, social sciences and the arts. The goal of computational creativity is to model, simulate or replicate creativity using a computer, to achieve one of several ends:

* to construct a program or computer capable of showing some level of creativity
* to better understand human creativity and to formulate an algorithmic perspective on creative behavior in humans
* to design programs that can enhance human creativity without necessarily being creative themselves

<br>The ICCC conference series organized by the [**Association for Computational Creativity**](https://computationalcreativity.net/) since 2010 is the only scientific conference that focuses on computational creativity alone and also covers all aspects of it.



To access the Twelfth International Conference on Computational Creativity, ICCC’21, you need to register for the conference.  Instructions on how to access the event will be provided directly to attendees and included on the Twelfth International Conference on Computational Creativity, ICCC’21 conference website. 

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ICCC'21

Welcome to the Twelfth International Conference on Computational Creativity, ICCC’21!

technical paper

Computational creativity is the art, science, philosophy and engineering of computational systems which, by taking on particular responsibilities, exhibit behaviours that unbiased observers would deem to be creative. As a field of research, this area is thriving, with progress in formalising what it means for software to be creative, along with many exciting and valuable applications of creative software in the sciences, the arts, literature, gaming and elsewhere.

The ICCC conference series organized by the Association for Computational Creativity since 2010 is the only scientific conference that focuses on computational creativity alone and also covers all aspects of it.


ICCC'20

The ICCC conference series organized by the Association for Computational Creativity since 2010 is the only scientific conference that focuses on computational creativity alone and also covers all aspects of it.
Computational creativity is the art, science, philosophy and engineering of computational systems which, by taking on particular responsibilities, exhibit behaviors that unbiased observers would deem to be creative. As a field of research, this area is thriving, with progress in formalizing what it means for software to be creative, along with many exciting and valuable applications of creative software in the sciences, the arts, literature, gaming and elsewhere.



"This paper presents a domain independent framework for discussing human–computer co-creativity. It expands on Rhodes’ (1961) four perspectives on creativity
and their later adaptations to socio-cultural views of creativity and computational creativity. The new framework allows the attribution of creativity not only to individual creators but to a collective of creators, recognising the importance of meta-level communication to the creative collaboration, and the variety of creative
contributions that emerge during a co-creative process. It also elaborates on the different communities and contexts surrounding co-creative collaboration and thus facilitates the analysis, evaluation and study of human–computer co-creativity by allowing researchers to describe and situate their work in the field."

Five C’s for Human–Computer Co-Creativity — An Update on Classical Creativity Perspectives

Rosetta Code provides improv theatre performers with artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology to perform shows understandable across many different languages. We combine speech recognition, improv chatbots and language translation tools to enable improvisers to communicate with each other while being understood—or comically misunderstood—by multilingual audiences. We describe the technology underlying Rosetta Code, detailing the speech recognition, machine translation, text generation and text-to-speech subsystems. We then describe scene structures that feature the system in performances in multilingual shows (9 languages). We provide evaluative feedback from performers, audiences, and critics. From this feedback, we draw analogies between surrealism, absurdism, and multilingual AI improv. Rosetta Code creates a new form of language-based absurdist improv. The performance re- mains ephemeral and performers of different languages can express themselves and their culture while accommodating the linguistic diversity of audiences.

Rosetta Code: Improv in any language

"This paper introduces the notion ‘post-creativity’ as a reference point for discussing the ways in which the computational simulation of creativity perpetually seems to hinge upon conceptions of creativity that are both much-too-human and non-contingent. Taking issue with the often implicit idea within the artificial creativity-
agenda that creativity somehow exists before the fact, this paper, drawing upon Michel Foucault’s notion of the ‘dispositif’, insists that we must keep a steady eye on the historicity of the ideas and practices of ‘creativity’ in order to fully comprehend the ways in which computational/artificial creativity is part and parcel of the perpetual re-creation of creativity and hence, at best, contributing to a conceptual reverse-engineering of‘creativity’."

Post-creativity and AI: Reverse-engineering our Conceptual Landscapes of Creativity

In this presentation, we give an overview of the system that changes country flags based on trendy topics retrieved from news titles. 

Ever-changing Flags: Modifying National Symbols

The computational generation of visual representation of concepts is a topic that has deserved attention in Computational Creativity. One technique that is often used is visual blending – using two images to produce a third. However, visual blending on its own does not necessarily have a strong conceptual grounding. In this paper, we propose that visual conceptual blending be used for concept representation – a visual blend complemented by conceptual layer developed through elaboration. We outline a model for visual conceptual blending that can be instantiated in a computational system.

Let's Figure This Out: A Roadmap for Visual Conceptual Blending

Co-creative systems are useful in fostering creativity, often leading to unexpected results. Despite this, the relation between user and system is complex. The level of autonomy given to the system directly influences its potential for creative behaviour and degree of contribution to the cooperation with the user. In this paper, we present our efforts to instil a more creative behaviour to an existing visual blending system – Emojinating. In order to do so, we integrate two functionalities: self-evaluation and context-adaptation.

Emojinating Co-Creativity: Integrating Self-Evaluation and Context-Adaptation

"In this paper we consider the notion of dialogic creative ar- tificial intelligence (DCAI) systems, where co-creativity be- tween a human user and a computational system is supported through dialogic interaction. By dialogue we mean both tra- ditional language-based communication for explicit critique and persuasion (dialogue about creative artefacts) as well as a broader potentially non-linguistic notion of dialogue that emerges through the exchange of suggestions and changes (dialogue through creative artefacts). To capture this, we de- fine DCAI as occurring when both system and user are able to influence each others’ creative objectives. The paper mo- tivates our pursuit of dialogic interaction and provides some explanation of why we have defined it through its impacts rather than its mechanism of action. We provide two anal- yses to support our argument: an exploration of a commer- cial creativity support tool that has an extensive vocabulary for describing artefacts abstractly but does not meet our def- inition of dialogic interaction, and a case study of a creative interaction between two human professionals that exhibits di- alogic interaction throughout. For the latter we consider how studies of human-human co-creation can offer non-obvious design concepts that might be applied to co-creative DCAI systems.
"

A Speculative Exploration of the Role of Dialogue in Human-Computer Co-creation

We aim to help bridge the research fields of generative deep learning and computational creativity by way of the creative AI community, and to advocate the common objective of more creatively autonomous generative learning systems. We argue here that generative deep learning models are inherently limited in their creative abilities because of a focus on learning for perfection. To highlight this, we present a series of techniques which actively diverge from standard usage of deep learning, with the specific intention of producing novel and interesting artefacts. We end by describing how a two-way bridge between the research fields could be built.

Bridging Generative Deep Learning and Computational Creativity

Co-creativity research is thriving in a wide variety of domains, but we lack the vocabulary to talk about capabilities and progress across all those domains. We propose a framework to facilitate comparing how co-creative systems augment creativity. We draw on domain-agnostic concepts in interaction design research. Our framework describes the different aspects of interactions between one or more humans and their computationally creative collaborators at three levels: interaction modalities, interaction styles and interaction strategies.

Modalities, Styles and Strategies: An Interaction Framework for Human–computer Co-Creativity

This paper introduces EMILY, a machine that aims to createoriginal poems in the style of renowned poet Emily Dickin-son. Dickinson’s succinct and syntactically distinct style withunconventional  punctuation  makes  for  an  interesting  chal-lenge for automated poetry creation.  A user study comparesEMILY’s poems to Emily Dickinson originals, demonstratingthe machine’s ability to evoke mental images and highlight-ing challenges for future work.

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