United States

Speaker diarization systems produce segmentation errors, such as false splits and boundary misplacements, that degrade transcript readability and downstream applications. We present CBAL (Context-Based Agentic Learning), a post-processing framework that refines segmentation boundaries in diarized scripts through targeted error correction. CBAL detects potential segmentation errors using acoustic and temporal heuristics and employs a lightweight LLM agent to reason about merge decisions, validating corrections through uncertainty-aware filtering with signal-based constraints. CBAL achieves 93.4\% accuracy across 359 applied merges and reduces segment count by 6.1\%. We demonstrate that our framework identifies and corrects high-confidence errors while maintaining 0\% degradation in terms of concatenated minimum-permutation Word Error Rate (cpWER). An ablation study confirms that each component contributes non-redundantly, demonstrating the viability of interpretable refinement frameworks that use the strengths of acoustic models and language understanding without requiring end-to-end retraining.

ACL 2026

CBAL: Context-Based Agentic Learning for Speaker Diarization Segmentation Refinement

### Welcome to ACL 2023, the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics! 
 The conference will be held in Toronto, Canada, July 9-14, 2023. 
Following the succession of the recent conferences in our field, ACL 2023 will adopt a hybrid format.
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ACL 2023

The Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) is the premier international scientific and professional society for people working on computational problems involving human language, a field often referred to as either computational linguistics or natural language processing.

technical paper

It is my great pleasure and honor to welcome you to the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2026), held in San Diego, California, USA, July 2–7, 2026. ACL 2026 continues our fields tradition of excellence in scholarship, innovation, and inclusivity, and I am deeply grateful to the many volunteers who have worked tirelessly to bring this event to life.

It is exciting to see the many developments in the field reflected at our conference, such as the advancement of large language models (born out of our community) into many application directions. This is not without challenges, partly due to unsolved problems, and partly due to misuse of the technology. All this is reflected well at ACL 2026. The conference also reflects that the field is not only about advancing technology, but also the science of fundamentally understanding language and how it is use by many different speaker communities. 
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The 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2026) will take place in San Diego, California, from July 2 - 7, 2026.

We study cross-lingual transfer by fine-tuning seven large language models (4B--671B parameters) on Arabic and evaluating zero-shot reading comprehension on Semitic languages and non-Semitic controls. Across dense and Mixture-of-Experts architectures, we find no evidence of Semitic-specific transfer: models with weak baselines improve dramatically across all languages, while strong-baseline models show only marginal gains regardless of language family. A chain-of-thought ablation reinforces this finding---the same models that benefit most from fine-tuning benefit equally from inference-time reasoning, suggesting both mechanisms address task-format alignment rather than cross-lingual knowledge transfer.

Disentangling Linguistic Relatedness from Task Alignment in Cross-Lingual Transfer

Organizations must continuously monitor evolving regulations to maintain compliance. While current tools are limited to surface-level text comparison, existing models lack the fine-grained classification schemes to determine whether small changes impact legal obligations or merely update formatting. To address this gap, we introduce a novel benchmark for change detection in EU regulations. It comprises 4,772 manually annotated pairs of structurally distinct provisions, defined as Atomic Legal Units (ALUs), mapped to a six-class taxonomy. We formalize three core tasks: structural alignment, change classification, and a combined task requiring simultaneous alignment and classification. Evaluating baselines from lexical algorithms to Large Language Models (LLMs), we find LLMs excel at isolated change classification, whereas domain-specific dense encoders offer the most robust combined performance. By providing fine-grained labeled data, this benchmark enables the development of AI systems that can help organizations analyze regulatory shifts and support version-aware retrieval in the legal domain.

RegTrack: A Fine-Grained Benchmark for Multi-Class Legal Change Detection

Reliable automatic evaluation is essential for benchmarking Machine Translation (MT) systems. However, their reliability is often underexplored in morphologically complex, non-English-centric contexts. Current metrics frequently exhibit "semantic blindness" toward subtle morphological shifts in morphologically rich languages like Finnish. This study proposes a framework that utilizes a controlled perturbation suite to systematically isolate and quantify the metric sensitivity to morphosemantic errors in Swedish to Finnish translation. It combines authentic MT outputs with a tiered adversarial corpus, subjecting reference translations. It will quantify discriminative ability and ordinal monotonicity by leveraging a diverse evaluation suite.

Thesis Proposal: Sensitivity of MT Evaluation Metrics to Morphosemantic Errors: A Case Study on Swedish–Finnish Translation

We present **Copyright Detective**, the first interactive forensic system for detecting, analyzing, and visualizing potential copyright risks in LLM outputs. The system treats copyright infringement versus compliance as an **evidence discovery** process rather than a static classification task due to the complex nature of copyright law. It integrates multiple detection paradigms, including content recall testing, paraphrase-level similarity analysis, persuasive jailbreak probing, and unlearning verification, within a unified and extensible framework. Through interactive prompting, response collection, and iterative workflows, our system enables systematic auditing of verbatim memorization and paraphrase-level leakage, supporting responsible deployment and transparent evaluation of LLM copyright risks even with black-box access. In our experiments with GPT-4o-mini, we demonstrate that specific persuasive strategy "Pathos" shift the leakage distribution from about 0.1 (ROUGE-L) to 0.7. Our live system is hosted on [Streamlit](https://copyright-detective.streamlit.app), and the source code will be made publicly available at [GitHub](https://github.com/changhu73/Copyright-Detective) upon acceptance. In addition, a [demo video](https://youtu.be/10gmwV3q_gg) is also included as supplementary material.

Copyright Detective : A Forensic System to Evidence LLMs Flickering Copyright Leakage Risks

We demonstrate Hindsight, a working memory system for AI agents that organizes long-term memory into four logical networks and exposes three core operations. The world, experience, observation, and opinion networks separate objective facts from subjective beliefs, giving developers clear visibility into what an agent knows versus what it believes. The retain, recall, and reflect operations handle memory ingestion, retrieval, and reasoning respectively. The retrieval layer combines vector search, keyword matching, graph traversal, and temporal filtering in a parallel pipeline backed by PostgreSQL with pgvector. Unlike existing memory systems such as MemGPT, Zep, and Mem0, Hindsight is the only system that jointly provides fact-belief separation, temporal entity graphs, evolving opinions with confidence scores, and configurable behavioral profiles. On the LongMemEval and LoCoMo benchmarks, Hindsight with a 20B open-source model achieves 83.6% and 83.2% accuracy, outperforming full-context GPT-4o and all prior memory systems; with Gemini-3 Pro, accuracy reaches 91.4% on LongMemEval. Our interactive demonstration lets users build memory graphs through multi-session conversations, inspect how memories are classified across networks, and observe how agent opinions form and change over time. The system is $\textbf{open-source under the MIT license}$ and available as a Python package (pip install hindsight-all) and Docker image, with $\textbf{1.9K GitHub stars}$ and 191 forks till date.A video demo is at https://youtu.be/4M2wS-yEmVA.

Hindsight: Structured Agent Memory that Retains, Recalls, and Reflects

Code sandboxes have emerged as a critical infrastructure for advancing the coding capabilities of large language models, providing verifiable feedback for both RL training and evaluation. However, existing systems fail to provide accurate verification and efficiency under high-concurrency workloads. We present ScaleBox, a high-fidelity and scalable system designed to address these limitations in large-scale code training. ScaleBox introduces automated special-judge generation and management, fine-grained parallel execution across test cases with seamless multi-node coordination, and a configuration-driven evaluation suite for reproducible benchmarking. A series of experiments demonstrates that ScaleBox significantly enhances code verification accuracy and efficiency. Our further RLVR experiments show that ScaleBox substantially improves both performance on LiveCodeBench and training stability, significantly outperforming heuristic-matching baselines. By providing a reliable and high-throughput infrastructure, ScaleBox facilitates more effective research and development in large-scale code training.

ScaleBox: Enabling High-Fidelity and Scalable Code Verification for Large Language Models

Checklists have emerged as a popular approach for interpretable and fine-grained evaluation, particularly with LLM-as-a-Judge. 
Beyond evaluation, these structured criteria can serve as signals for model alignment, reinforcement learning, and self-correction. To support these endeavors, we present $\texttt{AutoChecklist}$, an open-source library that unifies checklist-based evaluation into composable pipelines. At its core is a taxonomy of five checklist generation abstractions, each encoding a distinct strategy for deriving evaluation criteria. A modular $\textit{Generator $\rightarrow$ Refiner $\rightarrow$ Scorer}$ pipeline connects any generator with a unified scorer, and new configurations can be registered via prompt templates alone. The library ships with eight built-in pipelines implementing published approaches and supports multiple LLM providers (OpenAI, OpenRouter, vLLM). Beyond the Python API, the library includes a CLI for off-the-shelf evaluation and a web interface for interactive exploration. Validation experiments confirm that these checklist methods significantly align with human preferences and quality ratings, and a case study on ICLR peer review rebuttals demonstrates flexible domain adaptation. $\texttt{AutoChecklist}$ is publicly available at https://github.com/ChicagoHAI/AutoChecklist.

AutoChecklist: Composable Pipelines for Checklist Generation and Scoring with LLM-as-a-Judge

Over the past years, Automated Essay Scoring (AES) systems have gained increasing attention as scalable and consistent solutions for assessing proficiency of student writing. Despite recent progress, support for Arabic AES remains limited due to linguistic complexity and scarcity of large publicly-available annotated datasets. In this work, we present Qayyem, a Web-based platform designed to support Arabic AES by providing an integrated workflow for assignment creation, batch essay upload, scoring configuration, and per-trait essay evaluation. Qayyem abstracts the technical complexity of interacting with scoring server APIs, allowing instructors to access advanced scoring services through a user-friendly interface. The platform deploys a number of state-of-the-art Arabic essay scoring models with different effectiveness and efficiency figures.

Qayyem: A Real-time Platform for Scoring Proficiency of Arabic Essays

The growing demand for Mental Health (MH) services highlights the need for scalable computational tools, yet progress in computational psychology is hindered by scarce sensitive data, complex assessment procedures, and high technical barriers. While language is a well-established marker of different MH conditions, existing NLP solutions are often fragmented, closed-source, or difficult to use, limiting their adoption in interdisciplinary research.
We present TONY, an open-source, python TOolkit for NLP in clinical psYchology. TONY bridges traditional psycholinguistic analysis and modern NLP by combining interpretable lexical features with state-of-the-art lightweight transformer models within a unified and easy-to-use framework. This hybrid approach enables robust and transparent text analysis without relying on large-scale models or closed-source software.
TONY is designed for researchers and practitioners working at the intersection of NLP and MH, facilitating collaboration across disciplines. Compared to the few existing systems, TONY offers a more comprehensive and exhaustive solution, reducing the barrier to entry through a unified, modular, and reproducible pipeline that integrates classical and neural approaches in a single open framework. The toolkit is released under an open-source license and is evaluated through multiple MH–related datasets, demonstrating its flexibility and effectiveness in low-resource settings

TONY: an open-source TOolkit for Nlp in psYchology

General-purpose VLMs remain unreliable for biomedical research because valid answers in scientific papers depend on evidence split across figures, tables, charts, captions, and referring text.
Existing post-training pipelines are bottlenecked by costly expert annotation and by synthetic data that drops this evidence structure.
We present Ryze, a fully automated system that converts raw biomedical papers into an \emph{evidence-enriched} training set and a domain-specialized VLM\@.
Ryze synthesizes QA pairs with complete supporting evidence (visual element, caption, extracted structure, and referring paragraphs), reduces layout and OCR errors via chart/table-aware extraction and LLM-based cleansing, and applies a two-stage post-training strategy combining supervised fine-tuning with reinforcement learning.
Starting from Qwen3-VL-8B, Ryze produces BioVLM-8B at under \$200, achieving 48.0\% weighted accuracy on LAB-Bench---outperforming the base model by +12.6\% and surpassing GPT-5.2 by +3.8\%.
We release Ryze as open source together with the trained BioVLM-8B model.

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